senior female blood pressure chart by age

Particularly, two expert consensus documents have reviewed the methodological agreements for measuring arterial stiffness ( 1, 5). An important number of articles and reviews have been published during the last two decades, concerning various aspects of large arteries, including epidemiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacology. Firstly the repeated demonstration that arterial stiffness and reflected waves are predictive for CV events ( 1– 4).

There are two major reasons for measuring arterial stiffness in clinical practice in elderly hypertensive patients. In elderly hypertensives, large arteries stiffen and systolic and pulse pressures increase, due to wave reflections. Age and high blood pressure are the two main determinants of arterial stiffness. Hypertension prevalence increases with age. This review will address the issues of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of arterial stiffening in elderly hypertensives, the consequences of arterial stiffening on central systolic and pulse (systolic minus diastolic, PP) pressures and target organs, the methodology for measuring arterial stiffness, central pulse pressure and wave reflection, the epidemiological determinants of arterial stiffening in elderly hypertensives, the pharmacology of arterial destiffening, and how the concepts of EVA and SUPERNOVA apply to the detection of organ damage and prevention of CV complications.

The concepts of Early Vascular Aging (EVA) and Supernormal Vascular Aging (SUPERNOVA) help to better understand on which determinants of arterial stiffness it is possible to act, in order to limit target organ damage and cardiovascular complications. Particularly, two expert consensus documents have reviewed the methodological agreements for measuring arterial stiffness. A large body of evidence has been published during the last two decades, concerning the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacology of large arteries in hypertension in various settings of age. A major reason for measuring arterial stiffness in clinical practice in elderly hypertensive patients comes from the repeated demonstration that arterial stiffness and wave reflections have a predictive value for CV events.

3Department of Pharmacology and Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.

1Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, France.

Stéphane Laurent 1,2,3 * and Pierre Boutouyrie 1,2,3

Senior female blood pressure chart by age